Wire runner caches and forge secrets through agenix

.forgejo/workflows/build-apple.yml

@@ -22,14 +22,17 @@ jobs:
       matrix:
         include:
           - platform: macOS
+            cache-id: macos
             destination: platform=macOS
             rust-targets: x86_64-apple-darwin,aarch64-apple-darwin
           - platform: iOS Simulator
+            cache-id: ios-simulator
             destination: platform=iOS Simulator,name=iPhone 17 Pro
             rust-targets: aarch64-apple-ios-sim,x86_64-apple-ios
     env:
       CARGO_INCREMENTAL: 0
       RUST_BACKTRACE: short
+      RUSTC_WRAPPER: sccache
     steps:
       - name: Checkout
         uses: https://code.forgejo.org/actions/checkout@v4
@@ -65,12 +68,29 @@ jobs:
           echo "DEVELOPER_DIR=$selected" >> "$GITHUB_ENV"
           DEVELOPER_DIR="$selected" /usr/bin/xcodebuild -version || true
 
+      - name: Prepare Cache Dirs
+        shell: bash
+        run: |
+          set -euo pipefail
+          cache_root="${NSC_CACHE_PATH:-${HOME}/.cache/burrow}"
+          mkdir -p \
+            "${cache_root}/cargo" \
+            "${cache_root}/rustup" \
+            "${cache_root}/sccache" \
+            "${cache_root}/apple/PackageCache" \
+            "${cache_root}/apple/SourcePackages" \
+            "${cache_root}/apple/DerivedData/${{ matrix.cache-id }}"
+          echo "CARGO_HOME=${cache_root}/cargo" >> "${GITHUB_ENV}"
+          echo "RUSTUP_HOME=${cache_root}/rustup" >> "${GITHUB_ENV}"
+          echo "SCCACHE_DIR=${cache_root}/sccache" >> "${GITHUB_ENV}"
+          echo "APPLE_PACKAGE_CACHE=${cache_root}/apple/PackageCache" >> "${GITHUB_ENV}"
+          echo "APPLE_SOURCE_PACKAGES=${cache_root}/apple/SourcePackages" >> "${GITHUB_ENV}"
+          echo "APPLE_DERIVED_DATA=${cache_root}/apple/DerivedData/${{ matrix.cache-id }}" >> "${GITHUB_ENV}"
+
       - name: Install Rust
         shell: bash
         run: |
           set -euo pipefail
-          export RUSTUP_HOME="${HOME}/.rustup"
-          export CARGO_HOME="${HOME}/.cargo"
 
           if ! command -v rustup >/dev/null 2>&1; then
             curl --proto '=https' --tlsv1.2 -fsSL https://sh.rustup.rs | sh -s -- -y --profile minimal --default-toolchain 1.85.0
@@ -98,6 +118,9 @@ jobs:
           if ! command -v protoc >/dev/null 2>&1; then
             brew install protobuf
           fi
+          if ! command -v sccache >/dev/null 2>&1; then
+            brew install sccache
+          fi
 
       - name: Build
         shell: bash
@@ -111,9 +134,9 @@ jobs:
             -skipPackagePluginValidation \
             -skipMacroValidation \
             -onlyUsePackageVersionsFromResolvedFile \
-            -clonedSourcePackagesDirPath SourcePackages \
+            -clonedSourcePackagesDirPath "$APPLE_SOURCE_PACKAGES" \
-            -packageCachePath "$PWD/PackageCache" \
+            -packageCachePath "$APPLE_PACKAGE_CACHE" \
-            -derivedDataPath "$PWD/DerivedData" \
+            -derivedDataPath "$APPLE_DERIVED_DATA" \
             CODE_SIGNING_ALLOWED=NO \
             CODE_SIGNING_REQUIRED=NO \
             CODE_SIGN_IDENTITY="" \

.forgejo/workflows/build-rust.yml

@@ -17,6 +17,10 @@ jobs:
   rust:
     name: Cargo Test
     runs-on: [self-hosted, linux, x86_64, burrow-forge]
+    env:
+      CARGO_INCREMENTAL: 0
+      RUSTC_WRAPPER: sccache
+      SCCACHE_CACHE_SIZE: 20G
     steps:
       - name: Checkout
         uses: https://code.forgejo.org/actions/checkout@v4
@@ -24,8 +28,21 @@ jobs:
           token: ${{ github.token }}
           fetch-depth: 0
 
+      - name: Prepare Cache Dirs
+        shell: bash
+        run: |
+          set -euo pipefail
+          cache_root="${HOME}/.cache/burrow"
+          mkdir -p "${cache_root}/cargo" "${cache_root}/sccache"
+          echo "CARGO_HOME=${cache_root}/cargo" >> "${GITHUB_ENV}"
+          echo "SCCACHE_DIR=${cache_root}/sccache" >> "${GITHUB_ENV}"
+
       - name: Test
         shell: bash
         run: |
           set -euo pipefail
-          nix develop .#ci -c cargo test --workspace --all-features
+          nix develop .#ci -c bash -lc '
+            sccache --zero-stats >/dev/null 2>&1 || true
+            cargo test --workspace --all-features
+            sccache --show-stats || true
+          '

.forgejo/workflows/build-site.yml

@@ -24,6 +24,14 @@ jobs:
           token: ${{ github.token }}
           fetch-depth: 0
 
+      - name: Prepare Cache Dirs
+        shell: bash
+        run: |
+          set -euo pipefail
+          cache_root="${HOME}/.cache/burrow"
+          mkdir -p "${cache_root}/npm"
+          echo "NPM_CONFIG_CACHE=${cache_root}/npm" >> "${GITHUB_ENV}"
+
       - name: Build
         shell: bash
         run: |

Apple/NetworkExtension/libburrow/build-rust.sh

@@ -73,7 +73,13 @@ CARGO_PATH="$(dirname $PROTOC):$CARGO_PATH"
 
 # Run cargo without the various environment variables set by Xcode.
 # Those variables can confuse cargo and the build scripts it runs.
-env -i PATH="$CARGO_PATH" PROTOC="$PROTOC" CARGO_TARGET_DIR="${CONFIGURATION_TEMP_DIR}/target" IPHONEOS_DEPLOYMENT_TARGET="$IPHONEOS_DEPLOYMENT_TARGET" MACOSX_DEPLOYMENT_TARGET="$MACOSX_DEPLOYMENT_TARGET" cargo build "${CARGO_ARGS[@]}"
+EXTRA_ENV=()
+for VAR_NAME in HOME CARGO_HOME RUSTUP_HOME RUSTC_WRAPPER SCCACHE_DIR CARGO_INCREMENTAL; do
+    if [[ -n "${!VAR_NAME:-}" ]]; then
+        EXTRA_ENV+=("${VAR_NAME}=${!VAR_NAME}")
+    fi
+done
+env -i PATH="$CARGO_PATH" PROTOC="$PROTOC" CARGO_TARGET_DIR="${CONFIGURATION_TEMP_DIR}/target" IPHONEOS_DEPLOYMENT_TARGET="$IPHONEOS_DEPLOYMENT_TARGET" MACOSX_DEPLOYMENT_TARGET="$MACOSX_DEPLOYMENT_TARGET" "${EXTRA_ENV[@]}" cargo build "${CARGO_ARGS[@]}"
 
 mkdir -p "${BUILT_PRODUCTS_DIR}"
 

Makefile

@@ -1,7 +1,9 @@
 FLAKE ?= .
 AGENIX ?= nix run ${FLAKE}\#agenix --
 
-SECRETS := forgejo/nsc-token \
+SECRETS := forgejo/admin-password \
+	forgejo/agent-ssh-key \
+	forgejo/nsc-token \
 	forgejo/nsc-dispatcher-config \
 	forgejo/nsc-autoscaler-config
 

flake.nix

@@ -36,6 +36,7 @@
         agenixPkg = agenix.packages.${system}.agenix;
         commonPackages = with pkgs; [
           cargo
+          sccache
           rustc
           rustfmt
           clippy

nixos/README.md

@@ -15,19 +15,19 @@ Mail hosting is intentionally not part of this NixOS host in the current plan. B
 - `keys/agent_at_burrow_net.pub`: automation SSH public key
 - `../Scripts/hetzner-forge.sh`: Hetzner inventory and replace workflow
 - `../Scripts/nsc-build-and-upload-image.sh`: temporary Namespace builder -> raw image -> Hetzner snapshot
-- `../Scripts/bootstrap-forge-intake.sh`: copy the Forgejo bootstrap password and agent SSH key into `/var/lib/burrow/intake/`
+- `../Scripts/bootstrap-forge-intake.sh`: legacy intake bootstrap helper; current forge runtime secrets should live in `../secrets/forgejo/*.age`
 - `../Scripts/check-forge-host.sh`: verify Forgejo, Caddy, the local runner, and optional NSC services after boot
 - `../Scripts/cloudflare-upsert-a-record.sh`: upsert DNS-only Cloudflare `A` records for Burrow host cutovers
 - `../Scripts/forge-deploy.sh`: remote `nixos-rebuild` entrypoint for the forge host
 - `../Scripts/provision-forgejo-nsc.sh`: render Burrow Namespace dispatcher/autoscaler bootstrap inputs and ensure the default Forgejo scope exists
-- `../secrets/forgejo/*.age`: authoritative encrypted Namespace token + dispatcher/autoscaler configs for the forge host
+- `../secrets/forgejo/*.age`: authoritative encrypted forge admin password, agent SSH key, and Namespace runtime configs for the forge host
 
 ## Intended Flow
 
 1. Build and upload the raw NixOS image with `Scripts/hetzner-forge.sh build-image` or `Scripts/nsc-build-and-upload-image.sh`.
 2. Recreate `burrow-forge` from the latest labeled snapshot with `Scripts/hetzner-forge.sh recreate-from-image --yes`.
-3. Run `Scripts/bootstrap-forge-intake.sh` to place the Forgejo bootstrap password file and automation SSH key under `/var/lib/burrow/intake/`.
+3. Encrypt the Forgejo admin password and agent SSH key into `secrets/forgejo/{admin-password,agent-ssh-key}.age`.
-4. Let `burrow-forgejo-bootstrap.service` create or rotate the initial Forgejo admin account.
+4. Let `burrow-forgejo-bootstrap.service` create or rotate the initial Forgejo admin account from the agenix secret path.
 5. Let `burrow-forgejo-runner-bootstrap.service` register the self-hosted Forgejo runner and seed Git identity as `agent <agent@burrow.net>`.
 6. Run `Scripts/provision-forgejo-nsc.sh` locally, re-encrypt the resulting NSC token + configs into `secrets/forgejo/*.age`, then deploy with `Scripts/forge-deploy.sh` so agenix updates the live forgejo-nsc runtime paths.
 7. Use `Scripts/cloudflare-upsert-a-record.sh` to point `git.burrow.net`, `burrow.net`, and `nsc-autoscaler.burrow.net` at the host with Cloudflare proxying disabled for ACME.

nixos/hosts/burrow-forge/default.nix

@@ -20,7 +20,7 @@
 
   services.burrow.forge = {
     enable = true;
-    adminPasswordFile = "/var/lib/burrow/intake/forgejo_pass_contact_at_burrow_net.txt";
+    adminPasswordFile = config.age.secrets.forgejoAdminPassword.path;
     authorizedKeys = [
       (builtins.readFile ../../keys/contact_at_burrow_net.pub)
       (builtins.readFile ../../keys/agent_at_burrow_net.pub)
@@ -29,7 +29,21 @@
 
   services.burrow.forgeRunner = {
     enable = true;
-    sshPrivateKeyFile = "/var/lib/burrow/intake/agent_at_burrow_net_ed25519";
+    sshPrivateKeyFile = config.age.secrets.forgejoAgentSshKey.path;
+  };
+
+  age.secrets.forgejoAdminPassword = {
+    file = ../../../secrets/forgejo/admin-password.age;
+    mode = "0400";
+    owner = "forgejo";
+    group = "forgejo";
+  };
+
+  age.secrets.forgejoAgentSshKey = {
+    file = ../../../secrets/forgejo/agent-ssh-key.age;
+    mode = "0400";
+    owner = "root";
+    group = "root";
   };
 
   age.secrets.forgejoNscToken = {

secrets/README.md

@@ -4,6 +4,8 @@ Burrow secrets live in `secrets/<name>.age` and are managed with `agenix`.
 
 For the Forgejo Namespace Cloud runtime:
 
+- `secrets/forgejo/admin-password.age`
+- `secrets/forgejo/agent-ssh-key.age`
 - `secrets/forgejo/nsc-token.age`
 - `secrets/forgejo/nsc-dispatcher-config.age`
 - `secrets/forgejo/nsc-autoscaler-config.age`
@@ -11,7 +13,8 @@ For the Forgejo Namespace Cloud runtime:
 Use:
 
 - `make secret name=forgejo/nsc-token`
-- `make secret-file name=forgejo/nsc-token file=/path/to/source`
+- `make secret-file name=forgejo/agent-ssh-key file=/path/to/source`
 
 The forge host decrypts these files at activation time and feeds the resulting
-paths into `services.burrow.forgejoNsc`.
+paths into `services.burrow.forge`, `services.burrow.forgeRunner`, and
+`services.burrow.forgejoNsc`.

secrets/forgejo/admin-password.age

@@ -0,0 +1,11 @@
+age-encryption.org/v1
+-> ssh-ed25519 ux4N8Q nmGFzw38TKiVVuA9CM8wHQDVib0RddB+M/UjQnD45jk
+iZNLNBlS32zR+TNfcK27T1V3w27sFKJkWfuOzHwcOL0
+-> ssh-ed25519 IrZmAg Y53DC0wGX8mjaXkD3+jZn2DviO5iSXsnZDBNCBTmLgA
+XLz+YXzT4fYb7q0xuZMKgv88lAd0gGKaquSMcA6Yu3c
+-> ssh-ed25519 JzXUWA EDAXBKEvHccJ4KKtHjUTA+KA+wN9bBu9v+kzRTFt9AI
+JNADezBCxx26+QPD2tIpz5O8cncrJwnqaYQEWY56VGY
+--- RpjdftRPUGT80IMYKFDFuHkKEr1heJOvqrqYLufhc10
+ûÈÂ_
+F(
+((0ˆ‡Õɉ·',¿€8d]d%T[MÁ¼¬KRQÿxiIf<49>0§Òæ

secrets/secrets.nix

@@ -1,4 +1,3 @@
-{ }:
 let
   contact = "ssh-ed25519 AAAAC3NzaC1lZDI1NTE5AAAAIO42guJ5QvNMw3k6YKWlQnjcTsc+X4XI9F2GBtl8aHOa";
   agent = "ssh-ed25519 AAAAC3NzaC1lZDI1NTE5AAAAIEN0+tRJy7Y2DW0uGYHb86N2t02WyU5lDNX6FaxBF/G8 agent@burrow.net";
@@ -6,6 +5,8 @@ let
 
   forgeAutomation = [ contact agent forge ];
 in {
+  "secrets/forgejo/admin-password.age".publicKeys = forgeAutomation;
+  "secrets/forgejo/agent-ssh-key.age".publicKeys = forgeAutomation;
   "secrets/forgejo/nsc-token.age".publicKeys = forgeAutomation;
   "secrets/forgejo/nsc-dispatcher-config.age".publicKeys = forgeAutomation;
   "secrets/forgejo/nsc-autoscaler-config.age".publicKeys = forgeAutomation;

services/forgejo-nsc/README.md

@@ -45,6 +45,9 @@ profile. The important knobs are:
 - `namespace.machine_type` / `namespace.duration` – shape + TTL for the ephemeral
   Namespace environment. The dispatcher destroys the instance after a job so the
   TTL acts as a hard cap, not an idle timeout.
+- `namespace.linux_cache_*` / `namespace.macos_cache_*` – persistent cache
+  volumes mounted into runners so Linux can keep `/nix` plus build caches warm
+  and macOS can reuse Rust toolchains, Xcode package caches, and derived data.
 
 ### Running locally
 
@@ -160,12 +163,15 @@ consume the same secret material.
 
 Long-lived runtime state is now sourced from age-encrypted files:
 
+- `secrets/forgejo/admin-password.age`
+- `secrets/forgejo/agent-ssh-key.age`
 - `secrets/forgejo/nsc-token.age`
 - `secrets/forgejo/nsc-dispatcher-config.age`
 - `secrets/forgejo/nsc-autoscaler-config.age`
 
 After refreshing the intake files, re-encrypt them into `secrets/forgejo/*.age`
 and deploy the forge host so `config.age.secrets.*` updates the live paths for
+`services.burrow.forge`, `services.burrow.forgeRunner`, and
 `services.burrow.forgejoNsc`.
 
 Run it next to the dispatcher:

services/forgejo-nsc/cmd/forgejo-nsc-dispatcher/main.go

@@ -52,6 +52,10 @@ func main() {
 		DefaultDuration:   cfg.Namespace.Duration.Duration,
 		WorkDir:           cfg.Namespace.WorkDir,
 		MaxParallel:       cfg.Namespace.MaxParallel,
+		LinuxCachePath:    cfg.Namespace.LinuxCachePath,
+		LinuxCacheVolumes: toNSCCacheVolumes(cfg.Namespace.LinuxCacheVolumes),
+		MacosCachePath:    cfg.Namespace.MacosCachePath,
+		MacosCacheVolumes: toNSCCacheVolumes(cfg.Namespace.MacosCacheVolumes),
 		RunnerNamePrefix:  cfg.Runner.NamePrefix,
 		Executor:          cfg.Runner.Executor,
 		Network:           cfg.Namespace.Network,
@@ -88,3 +92,15 @@ func main() {
 	defer cancel()
 	_ = srv.Shutdown(ctx)
 }
+
+func toNSCCacheVolumes(volumes []config.CacheVolumeConfig) []nsc.CacheVolume {
+	out := make([]nsc.CacheVolume, 0, len(volumes))
+	for _, volume := range volumes {
+		out = append(out, nsc.CacheVolume{
+			Tag:        volume.Tag,
+			MountPoint: volume.MountPoint,
+			SizeGb:     volume.SizeGb,
+		})
+	}
+	return out
+}

services/forgejo-nsc/config.example.yaml

@@ -21,6 +21,19 @@ namespace:
   workdir: "/var/lib/forgejo-runner"
   max_parallel: 4
   network: ""
+  linux_cache_path: "/var/cache/burrow"
+  linux_cache_volumes:
+    - tag: "burrow-forgejo-linux-nix"
+      mount_point: "/nix"
+      size_gb: 60
+    - tag: "burrow-forgejo-linux-cache"
+      mount_point: "/var/cache/burrow"
+      size_gb: 40
+  macos_cache_path: "/Users/runner/.cache/burrow"
+  macos_cache_volumes:
+    - tag: "burrow-forgejo-macos-cache"
+      mount_point: "/Users/runner/.cache/burrow"
+      size_gb: 60
 
 runner:
   name_prefix: "nscloud-"

services/forgejo-nsc/deploy/dispatcher.yaml

@@ -31,6 +31,19 @@ namespace:
   instance_tags:
     - "burrow"
   network: ""
+  linux_cache_path: "/var/cache/burrow"
+  linux_cache_volumes:
+    - tag: "burrow-forgejo-linux-nix"
+      mount_point: "/nix"
+      size_gb: 60
+    - tag: "burrow-forgejo-linux-cache"
+      mount_point: "/var/cache/burrow"
+      size_gb: 40
+  macos_cache_path: "/Users/runner/.cache/burrow"
+  macos_cache_volumes:
+    - tag: "burrow-forgejo-macos-cache"
+      mount_point: "/Users/runner/.cache/burrow"
+      size_gb: 60
 
 runner:
   name_prefix: "nscloud-"

services/forgejo-nsc/internal/config/config.go

@@ -49,6 +49,12 @@ type Config struct {
 	Runner    RunnerConfig    `yaml:"runner"`
 }
 
+type CacheVolumeConfig struct {
+	Tag        string `yaml:"tag"`
+	MountPoint string `yaml:"mount_point"`
+	SizeGb     int64  `yaml:"size_gb"`
+}
+
 type ForgejoConfig struct {
 	BaseURL string `yaml:"base_url"`
 	// InstanceURL is the URL runners should use when registering with Forgejo.
@@ -89,6 +95,10 @@ type NamespaceConfig struct {
 	AllowScopes       []string            `yaml:"allow_scopes"`
 	Network           string              `yaml:"network"`
 	InstanceTags      []string            `yaml:"instance_tags"`
+	LinuxCachePath    string              `yaml:"linux_cache_path"`
+	LinuxCacheVolumes []CacheVolumeConfig `yaml:"linux_cache_volumes"`
+	MacosCachePath    string              `yaml:"macos_cache_path"`
+	MacosCacheVolumes []CacheVolumeConfig `yaml:"macos_cache_volumes"`
 }
 
 type RunnerConfig struct {
@@ -160,6 +170,46 @@ func (c *Config) Validate() error {
 	if c.Namespace.MaxParallel <= 0 {
 		c.Namespace.MaxParallel = 4
 	}
+	if c.Namespace.LinuxCachePath == "" {
+		c.Namespace.LinuxCachePath = "/var/cache/burrow"
+	}
+	if len(c.Namespace.LinuxCacheVolumes) == 0 {
+		c.Namespace.LinuxCacheVolumes = []CacheVolumeConfig{
+			{
+				Tag:        "burrow-forgejo-linux-nix",
+				MountPoint: "/nix",
+				SizeGb:     60,
+			},
+			{
+				Tag:        "burrow-forgejo-linux-cache",
+				MountPoint: c.Namespace.LinuxCachePath,
+				SizeGb:     40,
+			},
+		}
+	}
+	if c.Namespace.MacosCachePath == "" {
+		c.Namespace.MacosCachePath = "/Users/runner/.cache/burrow"
+	}
+	if len(c.Namespace.MacosCacheVolumes) == 0 {
+		c.Namespace.MacosCacheVolumes = []CacheVolumeConfig{
+			{
+				Tag:        "burrow-forgejo-macos-cache",
+				MountPoint: c.Namespace.MacosCachePath,
+				SizeGb:     60,
+			},
+		}
+	}
+	for _, volume := range append(append([]CacheVolumeConfig{}, c.Namespace.LinuxCacheVolumes...), c.Namespace.MacosCacheVolumes...) {
+		if strings.TrimSpace(volume.Tag) == "" {
+			return errors.New("namespace cache volume tag is required")
+		}
+		if strings.TrimSpace(volume.MountPoint) == "" {
+			return fmt.Errorf("namespace cache volume %q mount_point is required", volume.Tag)
+		}
+		if volume.SizeGb <= 0 {
+			return fmt.Errorf("namespace cache volume %q size_gb must be positive", volume.Tag)
+		}
+	}
 
 	return nil
 }

services/forgejo-nsc/internal/nsc/dispatcher.go

@@ -29,9 +29,19 @@ type Options struct {
 	ComputeBaseURL    string
 	MacosBaseImageID  string
 	MacosMachineArch  string
+	LinuxCachePath    string
+	LinuxCacheVolumes []CacheVolume
+	MacosCachePath    string
+	MacosCacheVolumes []CacheVolume
 	Logger            *slog.Logger
 }
 
+type CacheVolume struct {
+	Tag        string
+	MountPoint string
+	SizeGb     int64
+}
+
 type LaunchRequest struct {
 	Token       string
 	InstanceURL string
@@ -73,6 +83,12 @@ func NewDispatcher(opts Options) (*Dispatcher, error) {
 	if opts.DefaultDuration == 0 {
 		opts.DefaultDuration = 30 * time.Minute
 	}
+	if opts.LinuxCachePath == "" {
+		opts.LinuxCachePath = "/var/cache/burrow"
+	}
+	if opts.MacosCachePath == "" {
+		opts.MacosCachePath = "/Users/runner/.cache/burrow"
+	}
 	logger := opts.Logger
 	if logger == nil {
 		logger = slog.New(slog.NewTextHandler(io.Discard, nil))
@@ -104,6 +120,9 @@ func (d *Dispatcher) LaunchRunner(ctx context.Context, req LaunchRequest) (strin
 	}
 	machineType := choose(req.MachineType, d.opts.DefaultMachine)
 	image := choose(req.Image, d.opts.DefaultImage)
+	if req.ExtraEnv == nil {
+		req.ExtraEnv = make(map[string]string)
+	}
 
 	if hasWindowsLabel(req.Labels) {
 		if err := d.launchWindowsRunnerViaWinRM(ctx, runnerName, req, duration, machineType); err != nil {
@@ -113,6 +132,9 @@ func (d *Dispatcher) LaunchRunner(ctx context.Context, req LaunchRequest) (strin
 	}
 
 	if hasMacOSLabel(req.Labels) {
+		if _, ok := req.ExtraEnv["NSC_CACHE_PATH"]; !ok {
+			req.ExtraEnv["NSC_CACHE_PATH"] = d.opts.MacosCachePath
+		}
 		// Compute macOS shapes differ from the Linux "run" defaults. If the request
 		// didn't specify a machine type, ensure we pick a macOS-valid default.
 		if machineType == "" || machineType == d.opts.DefaultMachine {
@@ -129,6 +151,9 @@ func (d *Dispatcher) LaunchRunner(ctx context.Context, req LaunchRequest) (strin
 		}
 		return runnerName, nil
 	}
+	if _, ok := req.ExtraEnv["NSC_CACHE_PATH"]; !ok {
+		req.ExtraEnv["NSC_CACHE_PATH"] = d.opts.LinuxCachePath
+	}
 
 	env := map[string]string{
 		"FORGEJO_INSTANCE_URL":  req.InstanceURL,
@@ -140,9 +165,6 @@ func (d *Dispatcher) LaunchRunner(ctx context.Context, req LaunchRequest) (strin
 	for k, v := range req.ExtraEnv {
 		env[k] = v
 	}
-	if _, ok := env["NSC_CACHE_PATH"]; !ok {
-		env["NSC_CACHE_PATH"] = "/nix/store"
-	}
 
 	script := d.bootstrapScript()
 	args := []string{
@@ -161,6 +183,7 @@ func (d *Dispatcher) LaunchRunner(ctx context.Context, req LaunchRequest) (strin
 	if d.opts.Network != "" {
 		args = append(args, "--network", d.opts.Network)
 	}
+	args = appendVolumeArgs(args, d.opts.LinuxCacheVolumes)
 	for key, value := range env {
 		if value == "" {
 			continue
@@ -370,6 +393,16 @@ func choose(values ...string) string {
 	return ""
 }
 
+func appendVolumeArgs(args []string, volumes []CacheVolume) []string {
+	for _, volume := range volumes {
+		if strings.TrimSpace(volume.Tag) == "" || strings.TrimSpace(volume.MountPoint) == "" || volume.SizeGb <= 0 {
+			continue
+		}
+		args = append(args, "--volume", fmt.Sprintf("cache:%s:%s:%d", volume.Tag, volume.MountPoint, volume.SizeGb))
+	}
+	return args
+}
+
 func (d *Dispatcher) bootstrapScript() string {
 	var builder strings.Builder
 	builder.WriteString(`set -euo pipefail

services/forgejo-nsc/internal/nsc/macos.go

@@ -206,12 +206,8 @@ func (d *Dispatcher) launchMacOSRunner(ctx context.Context, runnerName string, r
 	for k, v := range req.ExtraEnv {
 		env[k] = v
 	}
-	// Best-effort caching: workflows call Scripts/nscloud-cache.sh, which is a
-	// no-op unless NSC_CACHE_PATH is set. This may still be skipped if spacectl
-	// lacks credentials, but setting the path is harmless and keeps behavior
-	// consistent across macOS / Linux runners.
 	if _, ok := env["NSC_CACHE_PATH"]; !ok {
-		env["NSC_CACHE_PATH"] = "/Users/runner/.cache/nscloud"
+		env["NSC_CACHE_PATH"] = d.opts.MacosCachePath
 	}
 
 	deadline := timestamppb.New(time.Now().Add(ttl))
@@ -243,10 +239,15 @@ func (d *Dispatcher) launchMacOSRunner(ctx context.Context, runnerName string, r
 			},
 		},
 	}
+	experimental := &computev1beta.CreateInstanceRequest_ExperimentalFeatures{}
 	if imageID := macosComputeBaseImageID(d.opts.MacosBaseImageID); imageID != "" {
-		createReq.Experimental = &computev1beta.CreateInstanceRequest_ExperimentalFeatures{
+		experimental.MacosBaseImageId = imageID
-			MacosBaseImageId: imageID,
 	}
+	if volumes := computeCacheVolumeRequests(d.opts.MacosCacheVolumes); len(volumes) > 0 {
+		experimental.Volumes = volumes
+	}
+	if experimental.MacosBaseImageId != "" || len(experimental.Volumes) > 0 {
+		createReq.Experimental = experimental
 	}
 
 	d.log.Info("launching Namespace macos runner",
@@ -572,6 +573,22 @@ func (d *Dispatcher) destroyComputeInstance(ctx context.Context, client computev
 	d.log.Info("macos runner destroyed", "runner", runnerName, "instance", instanceID)
 }
 
+func computeCacheVolumeRequests(volumes []CacheVolume) []*computev1beta.VolumeRequest {
+	var out []*computev1beta.VolumeRequest
+	for _, volume := range volumes {
+		if strings.TrimSpace(volume.Tag) == "" || strings.TrimSpace(volume.MountPoint) == "" || volume.SizeGb <= 0 {
+			continue
+		}
+		out = append(out, &computev1beta.VolumeRequest{
+			MountPoint:      volume.MountPoint,
+			Tag:             volume.Tag,
+			SizeMb:          volume.SizeGb * 1024,
+			PersistencyKind: computev1beta.VolumeRequest_CACHE,
+		})
+	}
+	return out
+}
+
 func macosBootstrapScript() string {
 	// Keep this script self-contained: it runs on a fresh macOS VM base image.
 	var b strings.Builder

services/forgejo-nsc/internal/nsc/macos_nsc.go

@@ -144,6 +144,7 @@ func (d *Dispatcher) launchMacOSRunnerViaNSC(ctx context.Context, runnerName str
 			"--wait_timeout", a.waitTimeout.String(),
 		}
 		args = prependNSCRegionArgs(args, d.opts.ComputeBaseURL)
+		args = appendVolumeArgs(args, d.opts.MacosCacheVolumes)
 
 		createCtx, cancel := context.WithTimeout(ctx, a.createTimeout)
 		defer cancel()